CONGRESSIONAL OBSERVER PUBLICATIONS

Annals of Congress--Vol. 1

(Debates From the First Congress)

Gales & Seaton's History of Debates in Congress--1834 (Original Spelling)

Slave Trade
Thursday, February 11, 1790


Mr. Fitzsimons presented the following {Quaker resolution}...The Address of the people called Quakers, in their annual assembly convened...Under this persuasion, as professors of faith in that ever blessed all-perfect Lawgiver, whose injunctions remain of undiminished obligation on all who profess to believe in him, 'whatsoever ye would that men should do unto you, do you even so unto them;' we apprehend ourselves religiously bound to request your serious christian attention, to the deeply interesting subject...of trafficking in the persons of fellow-men;...divers of the Legislative bodies of the different States, on this Continent, have since manifested their sense of the public detestation due to the licentious wickedness of the African trade for slaves, and the inhuman tyranny and blood guiltiness inseparable from it; the debasing influence whereof most certainly tends to lay waste the virtue, and of course, the happiness of the people...we find it indispensably incumbent on us, as a religious body, assuredly believing that both the true temporal interest of nations, and eternal well-being of individuals, depend on doing justly, loving mercy, and walking humbly before God, the creator, preserver, and benefactor of men, thus to attempt to excite your attention to the affecting subject; earnestly desiring that the infinite Father of Spirits may so enrich your mind with his love and truth, and so influence your understandings, by that pure wisdom which is full of mercy and good fruits, as that a sincere and impartial inquiry may take place, whether it be not an essential part of the duty of your exalted station, to exert up-right endeavors, to the full extent of your power, to remove every obstruction to public righteousness, which the influence of artifice of particular persons, governed by the narrow mistaken views of self-interest, has occasioned, and whether, notwithstanding such seeming impediments, it be not in reality within your power to exercise justice and mercy, which, if adhered to, we cannot doubt, must produce the abolition of the slave trade....

Mr. Hartley moved to refer the Address...to a committee...

Mr. White seconded the motion.

Mr. Smith, (of S.C.)-- However respectable the petitioners may be, I hope gentlemen will consider that others equally respectable are opposed to the object which is aimed at....

Mr. Jackson ....If Congress are disposed to interfere in the importation of slaves, they can take the subject up without advisers, because the Constitution expressly mentions all the power they can exercise on the subject.

Mr. Sherman ....The sooner the subject was taken up he thought it would be the better.

Mr. Parker.--...I cannot help expressing the pleasure I feel in finding so considerable a part of the community attending to matters of such momentous concern to the future prosperity and happiness of the people of America. I think it my duty, as a citizen of the Union, to espouse their cause; and it is incumbent upon every member of this House to sift the subject well, and ascertain what can be done to restrain a practice so nefarious....

Mr. Madison.--...I apprehend, gentlemen need not be alarmed at any measure it is likely Congress will take; because they will recollect, that the Constitution secures to the individual States the right of admitting, in they think proper, the importation of slaves into their own territory, for eighteen years yet unexpired;....

...It may be, that foreigners take the advantage of the liberty afforded them by the American trade, to employ our shipping in the slave trade between Africa and the West Indies, when they are restrained from employing their own by restrictive laws of their nation. If this is the case, is there any person of humanity that would not wish to prevent them?

Mr. Stone feared that if Congress took any measures indicative of an intention to interfere with the kind of property alluded to, it would sink it in value very considerably, and might be injurious to a great number of the citizens, particularly in the Southern States. He thought the subject was of general concern, and that the petitioners had no more right to interfere with it than any other members of the community. It was an unfortunate circumstance, that it was the disposition of religious sects to imagine they understood the rights of human nature better than all the world besides; and that they would in consequence, be meddling with concerns in which they had nothing to do.....

Mr. Burke He had a respect for the body of Quakers, but, nevertheless, he did not believe they had more virtue or religion than other people, nor perhaps so much, if they were examined to the bottom, notwithstanding their outward pretences...The rights of the Southern States ought not to be threatened, and their property endangered, to please people who would be unaffected by the consequences.

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Slave Trade Debate

Copyright December 1997
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